SUBSIDY REFORM

 Dead Weight Loss

Efficiency Loss

Consumer Subsidy

Producer Subsidy

Price Gap Approach

Inventory Approach

Pre-tax Subsidy

Post Tax Subsidy

Pass Through

Electricity Subsidy

Normative losses

Excess Loss

Cost Recovery Price

Average Tariff

Economic and Social implication

        Reduced Investment

        Diminished Competitiveness of Private Sector

        Crowding out Effect

        Increased Smuggling

Public Finances Impact

Balance of Payments

Environent and Society

Direct Effect

Indirect Effect

Sobsidy Reform Requirements

Long Term Objectives and an analysis of impact of reforms

Transparent and extensive communication and consultations with stakeholders on size of subsidies and the effects on the budget

Price increased that are phased in over time

Improving the Efficiency in State owned Enterprsures to reduce Producer Subsidies

Measures  to protect the poor through cash and near-cash transfers

Institutional Reforms that depoliticize Energy Pricing,such as introduction to automatic price mechanisms

Estimating Corrective Taxes

Externalities due to pollution use

Non pollution externaities from motor vehicles

BARRIERS TO REFORM

Information

Government credibility

Concerns about fiscal impact

Inflation,price volatility and competitiveness

Unfavorable macroeconomic conditions

Opposition from interest groups

A SUCESSUL REFORM STARTEGY

Price SmoothingMechanism

Targeting Mechanisms

OIL SPILLS

OIL SPILLS IN 2013 DECEMBER

DESERT FLOOD

Desert floods 

are definite 

possibilities

when global markets drown

in seas of Brent cruelties

and little Islands

hold tightly 

to cheap barrels

to stay afloat

the high waters 

of desert floods

over which 

Arabia gloats

12 million barrels a day

might keep Shale 

from sailing comfortably

but too many barrels

in the flood 

are troubling 

for small economies

Copyright©2020 by Camille Caliscia Patrick

When Oil Spills Over;When Gas Ignites

SUB-ZERO

WTI REACHES -37 $ PER BARREL

SLIPPERY BUSINESS

You have coated your tongues 

with oil

and words keep 

slipping by

of treaties 

and allies

of Arabic

and Spanish

ties

and some serious lies

You have coated your tongue 

with oil

hoping desperately

for supplies

when truth is

written in the skies

Del seas'

and five tankers 

passing by

But none stopping to say hi

You have coated you tongue

with oil

or was it just some Spanish fly

to dredge Rios

with sanctions

Maybe some votes

to buy
With data
You could have sealed
But  chose to
outwardly reveal

You have coated your tongue 

with oil

matters not if 

Trinis cry

or uncle Sam 

no longer buys

our  gas

Or people start

to catch their ass

Or even say

that you damn farse!

You have coated your tongue

with oil

to openly roll 

with the big boys

who play with 

atomic toys

and socialist plots

and ploys

and nationalist
decoys

You have coated your tongues 

with oil

But both your teeth

still clash!

Copyright©2020 by Camille Caliscia Patrick

When Oil Spills Over ;When Gas Ignites 

RIGHTS IN REVERSE

Superficial rights

Reside on the Surface

Whilst mineral rights

Gain all  of the benefits

Of bonuses

One time payments

to produce and sell

Of royalties

A fraction of sales revenue

From Oil and Gas wells

Of Delayed rentals

Cash payments

For drill  postponement

During primary term

Or time that lease
is in effect

And secondary term

If lease is extended,yet

Acreage  granted

on prospect space

And depth  of well
depends

And the mineral landman

Can live  well and spend

For his rights dominates

Land surface

Soil

And groundwater benefits

He can add accessories

And explore as he sees fit

During Crown Times

Mineral rights owners

Were surface owners too

And what was found on your land ,

was yours,it's true

Things changed around 1904

From thereon the Government
retained mineral rights

For sure

And land sold from that year on

Had dual owners

Both the private and public coffers

Yet those who maintained ownership

Prior to 1903

Also maintain mineral rights here
 in T&T

And if  by chance the owner
 undetermined or uncertain be

The resource remains unexplored
here in this country

Copyright©2019 by Camille Caliscia Patrick

OLD BAY SONGS

Sing, sing ,sing

sing ,sing

at the Old Bay

Sing  a new hymn

For crowds to

Boo

And  thieves to sway

Do sing

An ole tune

And not a new

Accompanied by  tanks

And high class pranks

Boo

Sing,

sing, sing, sing

Do sing, at the Old Bay

Where compartments

Hold extra fuel

That no one weighs

Sing

with your white collar

Choir of millionaire

accomplices

Boo

Do sing a costly chorus

And these Trinis will

pay you too

For your seventeen

Year-long song

Copyright©2018 by Camille Caliscia Patrick

When Oil Spills Over ;When Gas Ignites